The Jersey Listed Fund regime was introduced in Jersey for listed closed-ended companies further to the Listed Fund Guide issued by the Jersey Financial Services Commission (the Commission). The structure, which was modelled on the Jersey Expert Fund, provides for a fast track process, for the establishment of corporate closed-ended funds that are listed on recognised stock exchanges or markets, including the London Stock Exchange/Specialist Fund Market, AIM and The International Stock Exchange and regulated pursuant to Collective Investment Funds (Jersey) Law 1988 (the CIF Law).

What constitutes a Listed Fund?

A Listed Fund needs to be:

  • a company incorporated in Jersey;
  • a collective investment fund (within the meaning of Article 3 of the CIF Law);
  • listed on a Recognised Stock Exchange or Market; and
  • closed-ended.

Regulatory Requirements

A Listed Fund is subject to a very light degree of regulation. In particular:

  • the promoter of a Listed Fund will not be subject to any regulatory review or approval;
  • there are no requirements to adopt any prescribed investment restrictions or risk diversification strategy;
  • a Listed Fund may be offered to professional or experienced investors as well as retail investors provided they have taken appropriate professional advice; and
  • there is no required minimum subscription.

The regulatory requirements applicable to a Listed Fund are as follows:

  • At least two Jersey resident directors with appropriate experience must be appointed to the board of the fund company, a majority of which must be independent of the promoter.
  • The Investment Manager or Adviser (the Investment Adviser) must satisfy the following requirements:
    • have had no convictions or disciplinary sanctions imposed on it;
    • be solvent;
    • be regulated in relation to managing or advising on investment funds in an OECD state or jurisdiction or any other state or jurisdiction with which the  Commission has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (or equivalent) on investment business and collective investment funds;
    • have relevant experience in managing or advising on investors' funds using similar investment strategies to those to be adopted by the Listed Fund; and
    • satisfy the Commission's general principles of corporate governance by maintaining an adequate span of control over its business.
  • If neither the Investment Adviser nor its activities are regulated in its home state the Investment Adviser must be either:
    • a subsidiary of a company that is so regulated;
    • a listed company with a minimum market capitalisation of US$500 million (or other currency equivalent) or a subsidiary of such a company;
    • a company or partnership with a trading record of at least five years or whose principal persons can demonstrate relevant business experience for this period and possess relevant professional qualifications; or
    • otherwise granted approval by the Commission.
  • If the Distributor of the Fund is independent of the Investment Adviser and is a driving force behind the Fund or the majority of investors going into the Listed Fund are put in by the Distributor or its agents, it must satisfy the same requirements as the Investment Adviser (other than in relation to investment management experience).
  • Every Listed Fund will need to appoint an administrator, and/or manager which has at least two Jersey resident directors with appropriate experience (the Administrator) and which is regulated and has staff and a physical presence in Jersey. The Administrator will be required to monitor the compliance of the Investment Adviser with any investment or borrowing restrictions set out in the Fund's offer document and must have access to appropriate records of the Investment Adviser to enable it to carry out such monitoring function. The Fund's board of directors must also regularly review the investment strategy and risk profile of the Fund together with the Investment Adviser's performance.
  • All Jersey fund service providers of a Listed Fund (including the Administrator) must be regulated in Jersey under the Financial Services (Jersey) Law 1998 (the FSJ Law), and will be required to comply with applicable Codes of Practice.
  • There is no requirement for a Jersey custodian; however, a Listed Fund must have adequate custody arrangements in place, including, if applicable, prime brokerage arrangements, which must be disclosed in the Fund's offer document. In the case of a hedge fund, unless previously agreed with the Commission any prime broker appointed must have a minimum credit rating of A1/P1.
  • A Listed Fund must appoint an auditor.

If a Listed Fund does not comply in all respects with the above requirements, it is possible to obtain derogations from the Commission in relation to such non-compliance. There are no other structural or documentary requirements applicable to a Listed Fund.

Listed Funds are capable of being marketed to investors in the EU/EEA subject to compliance with certain additional requirements as set out in the section 'The Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive' below.

Authorisation Process

The application process is simple and quick. An application form setting out the key features of a Listed Fund, including a confirmation from the Investment Adviser that it satisfies the requirements set out above must be submitted with supporting documentary evidence, namely, the latest draft of the offer document, a fund structure chart, the required Investment Adviser's confirmation and completed personal questionnaires of directors or any principal persons. The Administrator must countersign such confirmation having carried out its own general due diligence against the Investment Adviser stating that it has no reason to believe the Investment Adviser's confirmation provided is incorrect. These must be submitted to the Commission, together with an application fee. The Commission will check that the application form has been appropriately completed, but will not carry out any regulatory review of a Listed Fund. In addition, an application form to register the Listed Fund under the CIF Law must be submitted to the Commission. The requisite consents to the establishment of the Fund will be issued within days.

The Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive (the AIFMD)

Since July 2013, Jersey alternative investment fund managers (AIFMs) marketing Jersey or other funds that are not domiciled in the European Union (the EU) or European Economic Area (the EEA) to investors in the EU/EEA have been required to comply with additional disclosure, transparency and reporting requirements pursuant to the AIFMD.

Since Listed Funds are already required to be regulated under the CIF Law and their service providers are required to be regulated under the FSJ Law, the only additional regulatory requirements pursuant to the AIFMD are compliance with applicable sections of the Commission's AIF Codes of Practice (the AIF Codes) (being in relation to disclosure, reporting and asset stripping together with notification to the Commission in advance of marketing). These additional requirements apply only when there is to be active marketing of such funds in the EU/EEA.

Related Links

Jersey Investment Funds - Regulatory Options

Jersey Expert Funds

Jersey Managers and Funds Marketing into the European Union

Updated economic substance requirements for Jersey fund managers

Originally published 10 August 2020.

The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.