Historically, the federal government has fought corporate healthcare fraud in two ways. First, the Department of Justice ("DOJ") routinely intervenes in civil False Claims Act ("FCA") cases filed by qui tam relators. Second, the federal government typically has relied on individual U.S. Attorney's Offices to initiate and prosecute criminal healthcare fraud cases. Although DOJ relied on tools such as the Medicare Fraud Strike Force to prosecute healthcare crimes in geographic areas that exhibited greater systemic abuse of the healthcare system, the focus of these efforts lay largely in individual prosecutions of Medicare fraud and abuse rather than corporate prosecutions.

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