When a corporate borrower defaults on its debt obligations, a secured creditor may exercise a variety of remedies to enforce its interest. Receiverships are one such remedy whereby a secured creditor may seek the appointment of a court empowered impartial party to receive, preserve, or liquidate collateral. Receivers are appointed to take possession, manage, collect, and preserve a property, business, rents, or other assets that are in dispute.

There are numerous types of receiverships, including –

  • Specific or special receiverships – which are appointed over certain assets and typically sought by secured creditors seeking to protect their collateral.
  • General receiverships – which are appointed over all of a debtor's property, which displaces the debtor's ability to control it.
  • Regulatory receiverships – which are brought by state and federal regulatory agencies, including state insurance departments, to protect the public interest
  • Post-judgment receiverships – which are appointed to aid a judgment creditor's collection efforts.

Receiverships can be quite advantageous for secured creditors and a useful alternative to enforce their rights. For this reason, it is important for lenders and secured creditors to seek advice from experienced counsel to better understand their rights. For example, in a receivership, an independent party steps into the shoes of the debtor's management. Old management may have had a certain attachment to the business, which oftentimes negatively impacts the proper operation of the business. Instead of allowing poor management to continue to run the business, as may be the case in bankruptcy, appointing a receiver allows the best interests of the company to prevail because the receiver is an officer of the court. Additionally, a receivership is often more efficient and less costly than a Chapter 11 or a Chapter 7 liquidation. As compared to a Chapter 11 liquidation, liquidating under a receivership is generally faster because there is no need for compliance with the processes of the bankruptcy court, such as filing of schedules and first day motion, or plan solicitation.

Secured creditors, together with their counsel, must also analyze the disadvantages of a receivership; for example, the automatic stay – which stops any litigation against a debtor – is only available in a bankruptcy case. Creditors may challenge a receivership proceeding by filing an involuntary bankruptcy proceeding during the pendency of the receivership. While the receiver or debtor may seek to dismiss the case, the involuntary filing disrupts the receivership process and adds costs to the administration of the estate. Similarly, the debtor may counter the receivership by filing a voluntary bankruptcy petition to force out the receiver.

Receiverships are efficient vehicles through which secured creditors may enforce their rights.

The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.